Engine-starting and current-generating mechanism.



R. W. GOUSINS.

ENGINE STARTING AND CURRENT GENERATING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 21, 1914.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

5 SHEETSSHEET 1.

frwerzfi?! filer-fl 80M R. W. cousms. ENGINE STARTING AND CURRENT GENERATING MECHANISM.-

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 21, 1914.

.jmve 3735f, mZec-Z Z. amu ws,

R. W. COUSINS.

ENGINE STARTING AND CURRENT GENERATING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 21,1914.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

R. W. COUSINS.

ENGINE STARTING AND CURRENT GENERATING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JAN 2!. 1914.

Patented Nov. 3, 1911 Jeri c owszl ns R. W. GOUSI'NS. ENGINE STARTING AND CURRENT GENERATING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 21, 1914.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914 5 SHEETSSHEET 5.

jwerzi?) mega w 606mm, 123 W244 giafl zzl UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Blanca/r w. COUSINS, or GARY, INDIANA.

ENGINE-STARTING AND oimnnn'r-omnarrma'nncnamsm.

1 Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

Application 1116a January 21,1914. Sci-1111110118389.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT W. Cousins,

a citizen of the United States residing at.-

- Gary, inthe county of Lake and-State of Indiana, have invented a new and' useful Improvement in Engine-Starting and Current-Generating Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in electrical apparatus for starting internal combustion engines, of the type involving a motor for driving the engine, which also operates as a generator when the engine.

My primary objects are to provide a sim ple and relatively inexpensive. construction of apparatus for this purpose, which will driven from require a relatively small. motor-generator,

and which will operate to automatically start the engine should it become stalled.

Referring to the accompanying drawingsFigure 1 is a view in vertical. secthe shaft'of'the eng naled at one end on ballfbea 14 in the end wall 15 of'the casing," and ween its tional elevation, partly in full elevation, of an electrical engine-starting apparatus constructed -in' accordance with my invention. Fig 2 isan enlarged view in vertical sectional elevation of the portion of the'ap aratus shown at the right-hand side of l ig. 1. Fig. 3 is-a section taken at the line 3 on Fig. 2, and viewed in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 4' is'a section taken'at'the' irregular line 4 on Fig. 3, and viewedjin the direction of the arrow. tion taken at the line 5 on F nd viewed in the directionof the arrow. Figs. 6 and 7 are sections taken at the lines 6 and 7, re-' .spectively; on Fig. 2, and viewed .in the direction of the arrows; and Fig. 8, a diagrammatic view of desirable electrical circuit connections where tile motor-generator usd of the compound type and where'it is to furnish electric current for operating electric lamps.

The'casing j represented at 10, this casing being preferabl divided'into two compartments 11 and means of a partition 18, the compartmeat 11 ho the motor-generatorhere .inafter refer-re to, and the compartment 12 forming an oilfilledhousipg for the mechanism connecting the niotorrgenenator with ine to be driven. Jour- Fizgafi is a secmy improved apparatus isends in a stufling box 16 in the partition 13, is a shaft 17, the opposite end of this shaft being journaled in a bushing 18 secured in a recess 19 in a stub-shaft 20 carried by a cage 21, and journaled on ball bearings 22 in the end wall 23 of the casing 10. The shaft 17 carries the armature 24 ofthe motor-gen-' erator and the commutator 25. The field windin .of the motor-generator, which would a plied to the pole pieces 26, is omitted' and in fact the motor-generator structure is illustrated more or less diagram matically as any one of many motor-generators may be usedin carryingbut my invention provided itbelof the shunt orcompound type.' Rigidly secured to the shaft- 17 is a pinion 27 which meshes with a gear' 28 journal'ed ona pin 29 secured in the partition 13, this gear carrying a pinion 30 which meshes with 'a ear 31 journaled on a sleeve 32 fixed on the s aft 17, the compound gearing, thus provided operating to cause the gear 31 to be driven at a lower s eed than that of the -s ft 17 when driven mm the latter. The 11.31 is'equipped with a sleeve section 33 to whicha-ring 34 is keyed, as indicated at 35,;this'ring being provided at intervals about its peri hery with lugs 36 presentin shouldgs lfl andtangential inclined sur aces 38. The ca e 21, journaled at the stub-shaft 20 in t e casing at one end-wall.23, as hereinbefore described,

contains inits opposite end wall 39 a circuthe rollers 41 between these-inclined our:

faces and ,the wall the opening '40, and driving the cage 21 "in the 'samfe'direction when the gem: '31 is rotating fasterjthan' said cage 'under' t econditions asjter'einamt described.

out my invention is with the sling of the internal combu tipi ex gine with which my improyed an arc HS 15 vi I iisesrei engine shaft is represented at 43 and carries a gear 44 which meshes with a smaller gear 45 rigid on the stub-shaft 20 of the cage 21.

igid on the shaft 17, and located within the cage 21, is a ring 46 provided with lugs 47 on its periphery having shoulders and tangentially inclined surfaces 48 and 49, respectively, corresponding in construction with the lugs 36, hereinbefore described, the shoulders 48 and inclined surfaces 49, however, extending in a direction opposite to that in which the shoulders 37 and inclined surfaces 38 extend. Journaled on a bushing 50 on-the shaft 17 is a sleeve 51 which carries a disk 52 provided with a circular recess 53 in an inset portion thereof at which the disk 52 surrounds the ring 46. Confined between the ring 46 and the circularwall of the recess 53 are rollers 54 which arebacked up by springs 55 hearing against the shoulders 48 as explained of the springs 42. By the construction just described, the rollers 52 become wedged between the inclosed surfaces 49 and the inner wall of the recess 53 when the disk 52 is rotated in clockwise direction in ig. 6 for driving the shaft-17.; Surrounding the sleeve 51 is a disk 56 which,

is adapted to be 'moved toward and away from the disk 52 and is prevented from rotating independently of the disk 56 bystop ins 57 secured in the disk 52 and passing freely through the disk 56. faces of the disks 52 and 56 are covered with any suitable friction material 57 a as, for example, chamois, and between these opposing faces an annular plate 58 is located, this plate carrying diametrically opposed flanges 59 on its periphei which pro3ect into longitudinally exten 'ng slots 60 in the side wall of the cage 21, whereby the plate 58 is caused to rotate with the cage 21, but is free to slide longitudinally therein. end of the sletwe 51, opposite that carrying the disk 52, is provided with a flange 61 between which and the disk 56 toggles 62 are located, ese toggles being connected at their 0 posite ends with lugs 63 and 64 on the disk 56, and a r-ing65 surrounding the sleeve 51, respectively, as indicated at 66 and 67, whereby, upon operating the toggles 62, the disks 52 andbti are drawn together to frictionally grip the plate 52 or spread apart to destroy the frictional engagement.

- The toggles 62, which are diametrically opthe sleeve 51, are connected at their center piv posed, and are located on opposite sides of ots 68 with links 69 which are ivotally connected, indicated at 70, with blocks 71, these blocks being disposed at opposite sides of the sleeve 51, and connected to ether by springs. 72, which tend to draw the blocks 71 together, and are under such tension that they will the disks52 and 56, by

reason ofthe straightening out of the tog gles 62, to grip tlie plate58between these The opposed.

The

, be at rest, rotation of the shaft 17 will (11'1"6 the gear 31 at a speed less than that of the shaft 17, the reduced speed of this gear depending upon the degree to which it is stepped down by the interposed gearing. As soon as the gear 31 begins to revolve in clockwisedii'ection' in Fig. 7', 'it will cause the rollers 41 to become wedged between the inclined surfaces 38 and the Wall of the opening 40, and thus drive the cage 21 from the gear 31 with the result of rotating the engine shaft43, thus producing thedesired rotation of the engine (not shown) for starting the engine As soon as the engine starts to operate under its'jown power, it will accelerate the movement of the cage 21, causing the latter to rotate faster than the gear 31 which thus frees the shaft 17 of its load, whereupon the inotor runs light. The clutching meansof'which the rollers 5i form a part, and which have hereinbefore been. described, are not brought'into operation until the disk 52 'is rotated, through the mediuin of the cage'21'and plate 58,'at a speed greater than that at'which'the armatom shaft 17 rotates as amotor, but just as ture shaft 17 not exceed a predetermined number of revolutions, in order that this shaft while beingdriven from the engine shall maintain a substantially constant speed, and to this end the governor mechanism, hereinbefore described, and formed of the sliding blocks 71 and the friction disks and plates with the toggle connections between said plates, disks and blocks, is provided which operates to destroy the frictional grip between these disks and plates when the speed of the cage 21 exceeds that at which it is desired to 'drive the armature shaft 17. It will thus be seen, that during the time that the engine is operating to drive the cage 21 at a speed slightly in excess of that atwhich the gear 31 rotates, and up to the time that the" engine drives the cage 21 at a speed in excess of the armature shaft 17, the shaft 17 is in effect disconnected frjom the engine and operates idly: In practice, it would be desirable toso proportion the gearing between the shaft 17 and gear 31, and that between the cage 21 and the engine shaft 43 as to cause the cage 21 to rotate at the same speed as the gear 81 when the engine is turning over at a relativelylow speed as, for example, about that at which it is operated to start the engine, and to cause the cage 21 to rotate at about the same speed as the armature shaft 17 when the motorgenerat-or is operating as a motor, when the engine is running under its own power at relatively low speed, as, for example, at a speed which would drive an automobile at say about eight miles an hour.

In order that the operation of my imroved means may be clearly understood, I have chosen to illustrate it in connection with a desirable electrical circuit, and shall assume certain conditions which are sometimes met in practice.

As hereinbefore stated, the motor-generator may pound type, the compound type being preferabl employed where the engine, to be startdg relatively great power for turning it over as in-the case of a six cylinder'engine. I shall assume that the motor-generator, when operating as a motor, will drive the shaft 17 at a maximum of twelve hundred revolutions per minute; that the gearing between the shaft 17 and-the gear 31 is such. as to cause the gear 31 to rotate one-eighth as fast as the shaft 17; and that the gears 44 and 45 cut down the speed .of the cage 21 to onethird that of the engine shaft. The motorgenerator will, therefore, operate as a generator when the shaft 17 is driven at a speed in excess of twelve hundred revolutionsper minute, and it will be assumed that, under the assumptions above stated, the governor 'mechanism, hereinbefore described, will be so adjusted that it will release the engagement of the disk 52 with the plate 58 when the cage 21 exceeds thirteen hundred revolutions per minute.

Following is a description of the circuit connections of my improved starting apparatus where a motor-generator of the compound type is employed, and where the motor-generator is to furnish electric current for operating electric lamps, a condition which is often met in practice in, connection with automobiles. A storage battery is represented at 73, a wire 74 leading from one of the terminals of the storage battery to a binding post 75,'and a wire 76 from the other terminal of the battery leading to one side of the commutator 25, wires77 and 78 being connected with the wires 74 and 75, respectivelv, for furnishing current to lamps represented at 79 in parallel series. A magneto is diagrammatically represented at 80 having wires 81 lea therefrom to the spark plugs of the cylin be either ofthe shunt typeor comby my improved apparatus, requires ers of the engine;

four of these wires being shown. One side of the magnetoarmature, represented at 82, is grounded through a wire 83, and the other side of this armature is connected with a wire 84 which connects with a contact 91. The distributer, represented at 85, is connected at one side through a wire 86 with a post 92, and at its other side with the wires 81. Another bindmg post is represented at 93, the posts 92 and 93 being connected with the metallic arms 94 of a switch 95 adapted to .close the circuit between the contacts 91 and 92 and between the contacts 75 and 93. A wire 96 leads from the post 93 to a contact 97, the contact 97 formingwith a contact 98 spaced therefrom, the contacts of a series relay 99 of common construction and involving a solenoid 100, the core 101 of which connects with a current-conducting arm 102 pivotally supported at 103, the arm 102 normally engaging with the contact 97, but movable out of engagement with this contact and into engagement with the contact 98 when the solenoid 100 is traversed by an electrical current of a certain predetermined intensity, engagement of the arm 102 with the contact 98 being made before the arm leaves the contact 97. -A wire 104 connects with the commutatorat the side opposite that at which the wire 76 is connected therewith, and con nects with one end of the solenoid 100. The.

series field of the motor-generator is represented at 105, one end of this field being con-/ nected with the contact 98 and the other end thereof connected with the wire 96; and the shunt field of the "motor is represented at 106 one end of the field bein connected with a contact 108, engageable y the arm 102, by means of a wire 107 and the other end of this field being connected with the wire 76 intermediate the connector 25 and the battery 73.

Assuming the starter mechanism to be at rest, and the circuit devices shown in Fig. 8 to be in the position therein shown, the

operator throws in the switch 95 to close the circuit between the contacts 91 and 92 and thecontacts 75 and 93. This closes the magneto circuit and in addition causes cur rent to pass from the battery 73, through the-wire 74, contact 75, switch arm 94, contact .93, wire 90, contact 97, the series relay 99, wire 104, commutator 25 and wire 7 back to the battery 73, current also traversing the shunt field 106. The motorgenerator immediatelybegins to operate,

and through the medium of the gearing 27,

28, 30 and 31 drives the gear 31 and, through the clutch mechanism of which the rollers 71 form a part, as hereinbefore described, drivesthe cage 21, and through the medium of the gears 44 and 45 the engine shaft 43 .thus turning over the engine which permits the engine to begin to operate under assumptions above stated,'twelve hundred .shunt field 106 and establishing a circuit through the series field .1'05, fwhich causes the motor-generator to operate as a series motor, thus obtaining the benefit of the increased torque produced by a seriesmotor. The motor-generator continues to drive the engine shaft 43 until the engine has reached such a speed as will'cause the cage 21 to Vro tate faster than the gear 31, which, in the case of the assum tions abcve made, 'would be'over one'humii'ed and fifty revolutions per minute.- As soon as the cage 21 'ro-, tates .faster than the gear 31, the load is taken off the shaft 17,-and the latter operates asa motor idly-inits'b'earin s- As soon as the load isthus removed from the shaft 17, the current to the motor-generator from the battery 73 dccreas esgto an'amount suflicient only to run thenio'tor light which so reduces the strength of the solenoid 100 as to causesth'e switch 102 to disengage from the contact 98 and engage with the contact "97, whereupon. the series field 105 is broken and the shunt field 106 is established, the motor-generator thus operat-' ing .as a-shunt motor which-[prevents the acceleration of the armaturebeyond a cer tainpredetermined speed, namely-under the revolutions per aThe shaft 17 continues to operate idly driven by the'motor-genemtor as amotor bythe current. from the battery 73, until the enginej-rinspeedmg up drives the cage 21 at :a greaterspeedthan that at vhich the armature shaft 17 is 'driven as a motor, namely when it exceeds -twelve hundred rcv olut1ons.- hen the cage-21 excoeds twelve hundred revolutions, the disks 52 and" 56, 'by frictionally. engaging the plate :38, will cause the clutch mechanism, of which the rollers 54 are a part, to clutch the disk 52 to the ring 46, and therefore with the shaft 17. thus causing this shaft to be driven from the engine shaft at a speed in excess of that at which the shaft 17 operates when it is driven as a motor with the result of causingthe motor-generator to opcrate as a shunt-wound generator instead of a motor, and thus charge the battery 73 and furnishcurrent to the lamps 7 9.

It is highly -.advantageous to charge the battery 73 by means of constant voltage, and this I accomplish by providing the gov- .ernor ,mechanism, -hereinbefore referred to,

which prevents the shaft 17 from being driven fromthe engine-shaft at a speed in excess of that required,which, under the assumed conditions hereinbefore stated,

would be 1300 revolutions per minute, it bc ing furthermore desirable that the speed at which the shaft 17 is driven from the engine be .suflicient to cause the proper amount of current to be generated for fur nishing the proper amount of current to the lamps 79 which, in the assumed case, would be 1300 revolutions per minute. Should the engine, in connection with, which the starter is used, become mailed,- as soon as the operator" releases the clutch (not shown) which is universally employed for clutching the engine to the transmission,

the motor-generator, being still in electrical Y connection with the battery'73, will immediately operate. to drive theshaft 17 and again start the engine,-ashereinbefore explained. V. 1

It will be noted that by my improved construction ofstarter, the motor merely serves to start the engine so that the latter may begin to operate under its own power, and is not forced to furnishlpower for driving the. engine whilethe latter is running at speedsutilized forvperforming work, as,

for example, driving the drive wheels of a car, which permits "a motor. of relatively smal horse power tobe used, but nevertheless of-sufiicicnt size .to charge a storage battery of the desired size. Furthermore,

the engineis' not drive n from the motor- 7 4 engineat an approximately constantspeed. Y

generator through the governor, and thus The featureof. providing for the automatic engagement and disengagement of the engine shaft from, the armature I shaft 17,

without-breaking the' electrical circuit, in case the engine becomes stalled, is of very great advantage as it eliminates the nece s;

'sity of the operator, through'switches or push buttons, or the shifting of gears establishing the necessary electrical circuit for I again starting the engine in case thelatter becomes stalled, it 'beingunderstood from the foregoing description that" by improved .means the engine is automatically started as soon as theload or r the stalled en'- gine is removed, as,for example, by throwing the clutch not shown, but hereinbefore referred to.

WhatI claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is a bustion engine, engine-starting and currentgenerating'rneans comprising a motor-generator, means for driving'the shaftof the engine'by said motor-generator, s'aidmean's bein automatically releasable by excess of 1. In combination with an internalcomspee -of the engine-shaft beyond a predeterv I mined speed, means operatingautoinatically afterrelease of saidfjlast namgk means to drive said motor-g eneratorshaft byfia'idenf'orthgthe combination of a motor-generator,

a-rotary member operatively connected with theshaftof said motor-generator, a second -rot ary member adapted to,be operatively connected with the shaft of the engine to be started, means. for driving said second rotary member from said first-named rotary member releasable by excess of speed of the engine-shaft beyond a predetermined speed, a third rotary member o eratively' connected with the shaft of sai motor-genera- ;tor, and means operating automatically after releate of said first-named means to drive said motorgenerator shaftby said second rotary member at a greater speed than that at which said motor-generator shaft operates when said motor-generator is operating as a motor. c -v 3. In combination with an internal-combustion engine, engine-starting and currentgenerating means comprising a motor-generator, a rotary member, means for driving said rotary member from the shaft'of said motor-generator at a reduced speed, means for driving the shaft of'thewengine by said rotary member, said last-named means bel,llg automatically releasable b 35 excess of speed of the engine-shaft beyon a predetermined speed, means operating automatically 'after release of said last-named means to dri\ 'e said motor-generator shaft by said engine-shaft at a greater speed than that at which said motor-generator shaft operates when said motor-generator s operating as a motor, and governor-means for limiting the speed of rotation of said motor-generator shaft when driven by said engine-shaft.

4. In mechanism of the character set forth, the combination of a motor-generator, a rotary member, means for driving said rotary member from the shaft of said mo- ,tor-generator at a reduced speed,ia second rotary member adapted to be operatively connected with the shaft of the engine to be .started, means for driving said second rotary member from said first-named rotary member releasable by excess of speed of the engine-shaft beyond a predetermined speed, a third rotary member 0 eratively connected with the shaft of sai motor-generator, and means operating automatically -after release of said first nanied means to drive said motor-generator shaft by said second rotary member at a greater speed than that at which said motor generato shaft operates when said mOtOr-generator is operating asa motor.

5. In combination with an internal-combustion engine, engine-starting and currentgenerating means comprising a motor-generator, a rotary member, means for driving said rotary member from the shaft of said motor-generator at a reduced speed, means for driving the shaft of the engine by said rotary member, said last-named means being automatically releasable by excess of speed of the engine-shaft beyond a predetermined speed a second rotary member driven from said motor-generator shaft at a. greater speed than said first-named rotary member, means operating automatically to drive said second rotary member after release of said last-named means for driving said motor-generator shaft by said engineshaft' at a greater speed than that at which said motor-generator shaft operates/when said motor-generator is operating as a motor, and governor-means for limiting the speed of rotation of said second rotar' memher when driven by said engine-aha 6. In combination with an internal-combustion engine, engine-starting and currentgenerating means comprising. a motorenerator, a rotary member, means operate by the shaft of said motor-generator for driving said rotary member at a reduced speed, a second rotary member driven by said motor-generator shaft at a" greater speed than said firstnamed rotary member, a third rotarymember operatively connected withthe shaft of said engine, means for driving said third rotary member by -said first-named rotary member, said last-named means being automatically releasable by excess of speed of the engine-shaft beyond a predetermined speed, means connected with said third rotary member androtatable at uniform speed therewith operatuig automatically after release of said engine shaft driving means to drive said imotor-generator shaft by said en inc-shaft, through said second rotary mem r, at a greater. speed than that at which said motor-.generatorshaft. operates'when said. motor-generator is operating as a motor, and governor-means for limiting the speed at'which said third rotary member drives sa'id second rotary member;

7. In combination with an internal-combustion engine, engine-starting and currentgenerating means comprising a motor-gensaid rotary member from the shaft of said motor-generator ,ata reduced speed,.means for driving the shaftofthe engine by said rotary member, ,said means being automati- ,.1'.e 81 sable by excess of speed of the engine-shaft beyond a predeterminedspeed, a second rotary member fixedon said motorgeneratoig shaft, means operating automaticallv after release of said lastmamed means to driresaid second rotary member by said engineshaft at a greater speed than that shaft, a second rotary member-adapted to be operatively connected with the shaft of the engine 'to be started, a third rotary member operatively connected with said motor-generator shaft to rotate faster than said first-nanied rotary member, automatically operating means for driving said second ro tarv member from said first rotary member automatically releasable by excess of speed of said second rotary member beyond that at which said first rotary member is driven from said motor-generator shaft when said motor-generator is operating as a motor, automatically operating means for driving said third rotary member from said second rotary member when the latter is driven from saidengine shaft at agreater speed than that at which said, third rotary member is driven from said motor-generator when the latter is operating as a motor, and "governor-means for limiting the speed at which said third rotary member drives said second rotary member. I

9. In mechanism of the character set forth, the combination of a motor-generator,. a rotary -member, means'operatively connecting said rotary member' with the shaft of -sa'id motor-generator for rotati said memberat a slower than sai shaft, a second rotary'mem r ada. ted to operatively connected with the s aft of the engine to be started, a third rotary member operatively connected with said motor-generator shaft to rotate faster than said first-named rotary member, automatically operatingvmeans for driving said'second rotary member from said first rotary member automatically releasable by excess of speed of said second rotary member beyond that at which said first rotary member is driven from 'said'motor-generator shaft when said motor-generator is operating as a motor, automatically operating means for driving said third rotary member from saidsecond rotary member when the latter is driven from said engine shaft at agreater -speed than that at which'said third rotary member is'driven from said meter-generator when the latter is operating as a motor,

and governor-means for *limiting'the speed of rotation of said motor-generator shaft whenidriven from said e shaft.

1.0--T.n of; e

forth, the combination of a motor-generator, a 'gear geared-to the shaft of said motor-generator to rotate at a reducedspeed. a

rotary member adapted to be operatively connected with the drive shaft of the englne, means for releasably clutching said gear to said-rotary member, a second rotary member operatively connected with said motor-generator shaft and rotating faster than said gear, automatically operating means for clutching said first-named rotary member to said second rotary member when the speed of said first rotary member ex ceeds the speed of said second rotary meme her when the latter is driven from said mo tor-generator shaft while ,the'latter is operating as a motor, and governor-means for limiting the speed at which said first-named rotary member drives said second rotary member. I

11. In mechanism of the character set 'forth,"'the combination of a motor-generator, a gear 'geared to the shaft of said motor generator to rotate at a reduced speed, a rotary member adaptedto be operatively conmeans for releasably clutching said gear to saidirotary member, a second rotary member operatively connected with said motorgenerator shaft and rotating faster than saidgear, automatically operating means forclutching said first-named rotary mem-' her to said second rotarymember when the speed of said first rotary member exceeds the speed of said second rotary member when the latter is driven from said motor generator shaft while the latter is operating as a motor, and governor-means for limit- 'nected with the drive-shaft of the engine,

ing the speed at which said second rotary member rotates when being driven from said first-named rotary member.

12. In mechanism ofthe character set forth, the combination of a motor-generator, a rotary member operatively connected with the shaft of-said motor-generator,a second rotary member oparatively' connected with said motor-generator shaft and driven therefrom at :a greater speed than said first named rotary-member a third rotary member adapted to be operatively connected with the shaft of the engine to be started, o positely operating clutch mechanisms'for c utching saidthirdnotary member with said first and second rotary members, res ectively, and governor-means "for limiting the speed at which said third rotary member drives said second rotary member, for the purpose set forth.

13. In mechanism of the character set forth, the combination of a motor-generator, a rotary member operatlvely connected With'the shaft'of said motor generator, a second rotary member eperatively connected with said motor-generator shaft and" driven therefrom .at a greater speed than said first-named rotary membend third rotary member adapted to be operatively connected with the shaft of the engine to be started, roller clutch mechanisms for clutch- 5 ing said third rotary member'with said first and second rotary members, respectively, and gorernowmeans for limiting the speed at which said third rotary member drives said second rotary member, for the purpose set forth.

14. In mechanism of the character set forth, the combination of a motor-generator, a rotary member operatively connected with the shaft of said motor-generator, a second 5 rotary member operatively connected with said motor-generator shaft and driven therefrom at a greater speed than said firstnamed rotary member, a third rotarymem' ber adapted to be operatively connected with 2 the shaft of the engine to be started, independently operating clutch mechanisms for clutching said third rotary member with said first and second rotary members, respectively,

and governor-means for limiting the speed at which said third rotary member drives said second rotary 1nember, for the purpose set forth.

15. In mechanism of the character set forth, the combination of a motorgenerator, a rotary member operatively connected with the shaft of said motor-generator, a second rotary member operatively connected with said motor-generator shaft and driven therefrom at a greater, speed than said first; named rotary member, a third rotary member adapted to be operatively connected with the shaft of the engine to be started, independently operating clutch mechanisms for clutching said third rotary member with 40 said first and second rotary members, re-

SPQCtIPl), and governor-means carried by said third rotary member and controlling the speed at which said third rotary member drives said second rotary member, for the purpose set forth.

16. In mechanism of the character set forth, the combination of a motor-generator, a rotary member operatively connected with the shaft of said motor-generator, a

second rotary member operatively connected with said motor-generator shaft and driven therefrom at a greater speed than said first-named rotary member, a third ro tary member adapted to be operativcly con- 65 nected with the shaft of the engine to be started, automatically releasable means connecting said third rotary member with said first-named rotary member, a pair of'opposed rotatable disks mounted to be moved toward andaway from each other, automati- .cally releasable means for engaging one of said disks with said second-rotary member, a member operatively conn cted with said third rotary member and otatable therewith, said last-named meta r'being interposed between said disks, and governormeans operating to releasably hold said disks and interposed member in frictional engagement, for the purpose set forth. 17. In mechanism of the character s t forth, the combination of a motor-generatot. a rotary member operatively connected witl the shaft-of said motor-generator, a secon rotary member operatirely connected with said motor-generator shaft and driven there- 1 from at a greater speed than said firstnamed rotary member, a third rotary member adapted to be operatively connected with the shaft of the engine to be started, automatically releasable means connecting said third rotary member with said first-v named rotary member, a pair of opposed rotatable disks mounted to be moved toward andaway' from each other, automatically releasable means for engaging one of said disks with said second rotary member, a member operatively connected with said third rotary member and rotatable therewith, said last-named member. being inter posed. between said -disks, means tending to move said disks; toward each other for frictionally engaging said interposed member, including means operating under the action of centrifugal force to separate saiddisks, for the purpose set forth- A 18. -In mechanism of the character set forth, the combination of amotor-generator, a rotary member operatively' connected with the shaft of said motor-generator, a second rotary member operatively connected with og said motor-generator shaft and driven therefrom at'a greater speed than said firstnamed rotary member, a rotatable ca e adapted to be operatively connected with t he shaft of the engineto' be started, automati- 05 cally releasable means connecting together said first-named rotary member an said cage, automatically releasable means in, and; connected with, said cage for connecting together said cageeand said second rotary member, and governor-means for controlling the speed of-said second rotary member relative to said fcage during the operation of the engine under its own power.

19. In mechanism of the character set 15 forth, the combination of a motorenerator, a gear journaied on.t11e shaft of the motor generator, means for driving said gear from said motor-generator shaft at a reduced speed, a ring rigid on said motor generator s raft, a rotary cage adapted to be connected with the shaft of the engine to be started. means for releasably clutching slid cage to said gear. automatically releasable clutching means interposed between said ring and cage for driving said ring and motorgenerator shaft from said cage. and governor-- means for controlling the speed of said ring relative to said cage during the operation of the engine under its own power. 130

20. In mechanism of the character set forth, the combinationof a motor-generator, a gear journaled on the shaft of said motorge-nerator, means for driving said gear from said motor-generator shaft at a reduced speed, a rotary cage adapted to be operatively connected with the shaft of the engine to be started, roller clutch mechanism interposed between said gear and cage and operating to clutch saidgear and cage together until the speedof said cage, when driven from the engine, exceedsthat at which Said gear r0- tates when said 1not0r-generat0r is operat' ing as a motor, a ring rigid on said motorgeneratorshaft, a pair of rotatable disks in said cage movable toward and away from each other, a member in said cage. and r0 tatable therewith; but .movablefllongitudinally thereof, interposed between said disks and adapted to frictionally en age them for driving said disks from said cage, roller clutch mechanism interposed-between one of said disks and'said ring operating to clutch said last-referred-to disk to said ring whenthe. speed of said cage, whendriven from said engine-sha ft, exceeds the speed 'at which said ring is driven when said motor-generator is operating as a motor, and' governormeans opera-tively engaging with said disks and opera ting to controlthe speed of rotation of the latter relative to that of said cage.

21. In combination with an. internal-comhnstion engine, engine-startingand currentgenerating'means comprising a motor-gener-.

"-ator, a rotary member, means fordrivin said rotary member from the shaft of sai for driving the shaft of the engine by said rotary member, said last-named means being automatically releasable by excess of speed of the engine-shaft beyond a pre etermined speed, asecond rotary member op,- eratively connected with said motor-generatOr shaft, means operatingautomatically to drive said second rotarylmember after release of said last-named means for driving said motor-generator shaft by said engineshaft at a greater speed than that at which said motor-generator shaft-operates when said motor-generator is operating as a motor, and governor-means for limiting the speed of rotation of said second rotary member when driven by said engine-shaft.

In combination with an internal-com hustion engine, engine-starting and currentgcnerating means comprising a m0tor-generator. a rotary member, means operated by the shaft of said motor-generator for driving said rotary member at a reduced speed, a second rotary member operatively con-' nectedRvit-h said motor-generator shaft, a third rotary member operatively connected with the sh'aft of said engine, means for driving said third rotary member by said. first-named rotary membeqsaid last-named motor-generator at a reduced speed, means means being automatically releasable by excess of speed of the 'engine shaft beyond a predetermined speed, means connected with said third rotary mem r and rotatable at uniform speed therewith operating auto-- matically after-release of said engine-shaft driving means to drive said motor-generator shaft by said en e-shaft, through said second rotary mem er, at a greater speed than that at which said motor-generator shaft 0perates when said motor-generator is operating as a motor, and governor-means for limiting the speed at which said third rotary member drives said second rotary member.

23. In mechanism of the character set forth, the combination of a motor-generator, a 'gearcarried to the shaft .of said motorgenerator to rotate-at a reduced speed, a rotary member adapted to be operatively connected with the drive-shaft of the engine, means for releasably clutching said gear to said rotary member, a second rotary member operativelyf connected withslaid niotor-generatorsha t and'p .rat' w en driven to rotate at the of did lastreferred to shaft, automatically operating means for clutching said first-named rotarymember to said second rotary'member when needs the speed of said second rotary memher when the latter is driven from said m0- tor-generator shaft while the latter is operatingas a, motor, and overnorsmeans for anember. u

24 In mechanism of the character 'set 4 forth, the combination of a motor-generator shaft, a rotary member operatively connect-. ed with the shaft and driven therefrom at operatively connected with said motor-genof the engine-to be started, oppositely op-'. erating clutch-mechanisms for clutching said third rotary member with said first and started, automatically releasable means connecting said third jrotary member with said first-named rota member, a pair of opposed rotatable dlSkS mounted to betmov ed toward and away from each other, autoareduced speed, a second rotary member erator shaft, a third rotary member adapted to beibperatlvely connected with the shaft nected with the shaft of the engine to be the speed of said first rotary member exlimiting the speed at which said first-named I rotary member drives said second. rotarysecond rotary members, respectively, and

inatically releasable means for engaging one of said disks with said second rotary member, a member operatively connected with said third rotary member and rotatable therewith, said last-named member being interposed between said disks, and governor means operating to releasablyhold said disks and interposed member in frictional engagement, for the purpose set forth.

26.'In mechanismof the character set forth, the combination of a motor-generator, a rotary member operatively connected with the shaft of said motor-generator, for driving said member at a reduced speed, a second rotary member operatively connected with said motor-generator shaft, a third rotary member adapted to be operatively connected with the shaft of the engine to be started, automatically releasable means connecting said third rotary'member with said first-named rotary member, a pair of opposed rotatable disks mounted to be moved toward and away from each other,

automatically releasable means for engaging.

one of said disks with said second rotary 'member, a member operatively connected with said third rotary member and rotatable therewith, said last-named member being mterposed between said vdisks, and means tendingto move said disks toward each other for frictionally engaging said interposed member including means operating under the action of centrifugal force to separate said disks, for the purpose set forth.

27. In mechanism of the character set forth, the combination of a motor-generator, a rotary member operatively connected with the shaft of said motor-generator for driving said rotary member at a reduced speed, a second rotary member operatively connected with said motor-generator shaft, a rotatable cage adapted to be operatively connected with the shaft of the engine to be started, automatically releasable means connecting together said first-named rotary member and said ca e, automatically releasable means in, an connected with, said cage forconnecting together said cage and said second rota member, and governori means'for control g the speed of said sec- Zond'frotary member relative to said cage .eziuringthe operation of the engine under its own power.

ROBERT W. COUSINS.

cap! a! thin patent may be obtained ter in cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of ratenta.

Washington, D. 0. 

